European officials are exploring a fallback plan to defend the continent using NATO structures without full US backing, amid rising uncertainty over Washington’s long-term commitment, according to a report by The Wall Street Journal on Wednesday.
The concept — informally dubbed “European NATO” — has gained momentum following a shift in Germany’s position under Chancellor Friedrich Merz, who has signalled openness to a more independent European defence approach.
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Germany’s pivot reshapes debate
For years, Berlin resisted calls — particularly from France — for greater European military autonomy, relying instead on US security guarantees. But officials say growing doubts about US reliability have prompted a rethink.
Under the emerging plan, European countries would take on more leadership within NATO, including key command roles, while gradually replacing US military capabilities with their own.